Katherine Johnson was a role model for all who knew her, and is now rightly remembered as a hero of her era. And in that quiet tenacity, she forged a legacy that will inform and inspire generations of young women looking for their own space in history. To borrow a phrase from Shirley Chisolm (who became the first black woman elected to Congress the same year Katherine calculated the trajectories for the first Moon landing), they didn’t give her a seat at the table, so she brought a folding chair. Katherine went where her skills were needed-even if she wasn’t invited. Katherine, and countless unsung heroes just like her, carried the nation’s space program forward, despite pervasive opposition at all levels of society. Even when NASA turned to electronic computers to tabulate trajectories, John Glenn now-famously asked that Katherine personally recheck the calculations on his flight before climbing aboard Friendship 7.
Katherine excelled as a “human computer,” and the flights of the first Americans in space relied on her calculations. After time as a teacher and stay-at-home mom, she went to work for the NACA-the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, which later became NASA-calculating results from the famous wind tunnel at Langley Research Center. She graduated from high school at 14, and college at 18. Consider that this was in the era of Jim Crow, when most schools for African Americans ended at 8 th grade. Born in White Sulfur Springs, West Virginia, in 1918, she was fascinated by numbers from a very young age, and by the time she was ten (ten!), Katherine was already a freshman in high school. But Katherine was extraordinary well before she began calculating orbital paths. The story in Hidden Figures picked up with Katherine already at NASA, working against prejudices and obstacles as both a woman and an African American in a time when our society was still sharply segregated. Katherine Johnson’s story ignited the imagination of a generation who saw, many for the first time, someone who looked like them reflected in the earliest days of the Space Race. That changed in 2015 when she received the Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama, and in 2016 with the release of the book by Margot Lee Shetterly and the film Hidden Figures, which became a cultural touchstone. As a mathematician who calculated the trajectories for some of NASA’s most important missions, her contribution to history cannot be overstated, though it was overlooked for decades.Īs recently as five years ago, Katherine’s story-and the stories of dozens of women like her-was largely unseen in history books and in museums like ours. Katherine Johnson is most famous for being one of the three African-American women who helped NASA launch John Glenn into space in 1962.On February 24, 2020, Katherine Johnson passed away at the age of 101, after a long life of learning and teaching-and quietly helping the United States reach our destiny in space. Katherine Johnson is the 72nd most popular mathematician (up from 79th in 2019), the 434th most popular biography from United States (down from 421st in 2019) and the 5th most popular Mathematician. Her biography is available in 49 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 48 in 2019). Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Katherine Johnson has received more than 11,474,190 page views. The space agency noted her "historical role as one of the first African-American women to work as a NASA scientist".Johnson's work included calculating trajectories, launch windows, and emergency return paths for Project Mercury spaceflights, including those for astronauts Alan Shepard, the first American in space, and John Glenn, the first American in orbit, and rendezvous paths for the Apollo Lunar Module and command module on flights to the Moon.
Katherine johnson nasa scientist manual#
During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for mastering complex manual calculations and helped pioneer the use of computers to perform the tasks. Katherine Johnson (née Coleman Aug– February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S.
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